Process of making glue and products resulting therefrom.



No; 660,379. A Patented Oct. 23, I900.

L. L. KELSEY.

PROCESS OF MAKING GLUE AND PRODUCTS RESULTING THEREFRUM.

A lieagion fllad Apr. 25, 1900. (No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LOVELL Ii. KELSEY, OF GUILFORD, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR OF THREE- FIFlHS TO CORNELIUS BLAKESLEE, OF RUTHERFORD, NEW JERSEY, AND CLARENCE E. FAIRBANKS, OF WALLINGFORD, CONNECTICUT.

PROCESS OF MAKING GLUE AND PRODUCTS RESULTING THEREFROM.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 660,379, dated October 23, 1900.

hpplicationfiled April 25,1900. serial No. 14,206. (No specimens.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, LOVELL'L. KELsEY, a

resident of Guilford, in the county of New- Haven and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in the Manufacture of Glue, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, such as will enable those skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and'use the same.

This invention relates to the manufacture of'glue and similar gelatinous products, and more particularly to the reduction thereof to marketable form, and also to the improved article of manufacture thus produced; and the object thereof is to institute a process of glue manufacture whereby the solidifying of the liquid glue-stock may be performed with extreme expedition and whereby the resultant article of manufacture is in' many points vitally superior to the forms of glue at the present marketed. The improved article of manufacture resulting from my improved process also constitutes an important element of the present invention.

It is a well-known fact that glue and other gelatinous substances in mass when drying or during the transformation thereof from the liquid or semiliquid state to the solid state dry from the edges of the mass inwardly, this being due to the compact formation of the mass. It results, therefore, that the drying of glue, which is ordinarily formed into sheets or strips and laid upon nets or racks, involves considerable time, and this is more particularly the case in humid Weather.

A particularobject of the present invention consists in reducing the liquid stock to an inherent condition, wherein its consistency or stability is such that when in a further step in my improved process the stock is minutely subdivided in mass the resultant minute subdivisions, which I preferably form as pencil-like or string-like lengths, retain their form and contour during the final setting or drying stage of the process, which, due to the attenuated form of the glue and the high percentage of its surface area exposed to atmospheric influence, is rapid and efficient.

A further particular step in my improvedprocess consists in forming the pencil-like lengths of glue with a rough or serrated surface, whereby the total surface exposure'is further increased and the permeation of the drying atmosphere int-o the mass of the pencil-like lengths of drying glue is enhanced.

The article of manufacture or product of the above-outlined process is a greatly-improved industrial and marketable com modity, as it is very readily dissolved, and aplurality of the pencil-like strips or lengths when heated in the glue-pot will not cake or bunch together, preventing liquefaction, but, due to their form, provide interstices between the same through which the heat and heated solvent are freely circulated.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification, and in which like reference characters denote like parts in the several views, I have illustrated a preferred form of apparatus whereby my improved process is advantageously carried out; but the said process is not dependent upon any particular form of apparatus for its performance.

In another application for Letters Patent filed simultaneously herewith for patent for apparatus for the manufacture of glue, Serial No. 14,205, I have fully described and claimed the apparatus herein disclosed in its mechanical aspects.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section, of an apparatus whereby the present process may be readily performed; Fig. 2, an end elevation of a portion thereof; Fig. 3, a vertical section of a vital element of the apparatus; Fig. 4, a bottom plan view thereof; Fig. 5, a vertical section of a modified form of the element shown in Fig. 3; Fig. 6, a bottom plan view thereof, and Fig. 7 a view of a fragment of the article of manufacture produced by means of the present. process.

In carrying out my improved process I provide a supply of liquid and customarily-heated glue-stock, the several ingredients being reduced to hot liquid form in the customary or ordinary preferred manner. The hot liquid stock is then forced by any suitable'apparatus, such as a hydraulic pump a, through a feed-pipe b into a header 0, which communicates with a plurality of holders d, the bottom portions whereof are preferably laterally flared at e and plu rally perforated at f. The holders (Z are arranged vertically within a closed jacket g, which communicates by means of pipes h with any temperature-regulaling apparatus or with any refrigerating agent. The liquid glue-stock within the hold ers is so affected by the thermal conditions obtaining within the jacket g, which thermal conditions are preferably caused to maintain a very lowtemperature Within the jacket, that the said stock at the bottom portions of the holders is reduced or transformed in consistency to a jelly-like or semimobile mass capable of retaining a predetermined form, and the incoming forced glue-stock presses the semisolid jelly-like mass thereof from the bottom of the holders through the perforations f therein in the form of attenuated string-like or pencil-like strips or lengths,

which are received by any suitable drying or hardening apparatus or into any suitable drying and hardening substance or element, such as atmosphere at a low temperature, dry-finishing the same for the market. It is manifest that the operation of forcing the gluestock into and out of the holders is sim ultaneous with that of reducing or transforming the glue-stock in consistency to a jelly-like or semimobile mass and that the said reduction or transformation thus occurs while the glue-stock is under the actuating pressure, the result being the insuring as a possibility of a continuous and effective treatment of the glue-stock in an apparatus compact in form and of few and simple parts. It arises from the formof the perforations f, which are, as shown in Figs. 3 and 4, of cylindrical or circular form, from the consistency of the glue-stock forced therethrough, and from the expansion of the glue-stock after its passage under pressure through the perforations f that the pencil-like strips issuing therefrom receive a roughened, creased, burred, or serrated surface, as is clearly shown in Fig. 7, in which one of the pencil-like strips is shown atj. This roughened surface increases the surface area of the pencil-like strip, causing the same to solidify and dry more quickly, and, vice versa, causes a plurality of the said pencils to dissolve more readily in the gluepot.

If it be desired to produce pencils of glue of even cross-sectional area throughout, I employ apertures of the form shown in Figs. 5 and 6, whereby the issuing glue pencils are compressed more thoroughly and issue in a perfect predetermined form.

By means of myimproved process and any suitable apparatus I provide a glue which dries quickly, evenly, and thoroughly and which is readily dissolvable and which meets in every respect the requirements which powdered glue is intended to satisfy and constitutes a marked improvement over powdered glue in that it cannot readily be adulterated, whereas the powdered glue can, and dissolves freely and completely.

A marked advantage of my improved process is comprised in the practicability thereby insured of manufacturing glue in all seasons of the year and in all climates. It is impossible to manufacture glue in the temperate zone by the process at presentin vogue more than SlX months of the year, as in warm Weather it is impossible thereby to produce glue in marketable form because of the tendency of the stock to stick to the apparatus employed and run together in shapeless and non-usable masses. By minutely subdividing a mass of gluestock under pressure and in a jelly-like state and then subjecting the pencil-like strips to the influence of drying or hardening substances or element, as described, I obviate all the above difficulties in manufacture and am enabled to manufacture glue in an improved marketable form the year around and in all climes and zones.

Having fully described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent- 1. The improvement in the art of manufacturing glue and other gelatinous substances, which consists in reducing a mass of hot liquid stock to jelly-like or semimobile consistency underpressure, then minutely subdividing the mass under the same pressure, into pencil-like strips, and finally dry-finishing the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The improvement in the art of manufacturing glue and other gelatinous substances, which consists in reducing a mass of hot liquid stock to jelly-like or semimobile consistency,under pressure, the said reduction being performed bysubjecting the hot liquid stock to low thermal conditions, then minutely subdividing the mass under the same pressure, into pencil-like strips, and finally dry-Ii nishing the same, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. As an improved article of manufacture, glue in a pencil-like form, substantially as shown and described.

4. As an improvedarticle of manufacture, glue in a pencil-like form of approximately uniform cross-sectional area, substantially as shown and described.

5. As an improved article of manufacture, glue in a pencil-like form having a roughened or serrated surface, substantially as shown and described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 18th day of April, 1900.

LOVELL L. KELSEY.

Witnesses:

CORNELIUS BLAKISH, MARTHA R. LooKwooD. 

